Diversity Women in the Boardroom - 3076 Words

An old ancient Chinese proverb says, â€Å"Women hold up half the Earth.† The corporate world is on the forefront of believing these words. Women of the world today are being acknowledged as the key to economic success. Organizations all over the globe are learning the opportunities of opening up to diversity and adding women to their boardrooms. Ignoring talent in half the population is not the best method for an organization to create a successful and effective board. Urban Outfitters Inc. has not always been a top contender in the diverse corporate world. In this report, we will investigate how Urban Outfitters Inc. reluctantly took a step in the direction of updating the faces of their executive boardroom. We will discuss the†¦show more content†¦(Curtis, Schmid, amp; Struber, 2012)Fishing in a talent pool goes beyond the edge of the bank. Organizations benefit from extending past their quickly reached resources of contact lists and family members. Urban Outfitters, Inc reached for diversity in its boardroom May, 2013 with the appointment of Margaret Hayne. Margaret Hayne is the wife of the CEO, co-founder, and Chairman of the board, Richard Hayne. (Karr, 2014) The appointment of Haynes appears to represent tokenism. Tokenistic appointments discredit the abilities of the appointments contribution of talent and expertise. (James, 2013) Negative consequences of tokenism are diligently monitored and high pressure to perform. The appointment of an outside director, Elizabeth Ann Lambert, in December of 2014 reduced some of the residual adverse effects left on the public. In a boardroom, core similarities result in cohesive decisions. Neither extreme heterogeneous groups nor extreme homogeneous groups make good rational decisions for organizational goals. (Introduction and Conceptual Framework, 1997) Unity for action with the organization’s best interest in mind balances the detrimental results of the effort. Diverse bo ardrooms create aggressive advantages for an organization. Bringing a variety of perspectives to the table gives higher levels of critical analysis and lowers the likelihood of a groupthink scenario. (Shin, Kim, Lee, amp; Bien, 2012) Why does a good boardroom make good businessShow MoreRelatedFemale Participation in the Board Room1233 Words   |  5 Pagesintroduces more women into board room, and purposed an action plan for organization in order to encourage women to brake through the glass ceiling. By using the findings and recommendations of Lord Davies report, argument the action about how introduce more women into boardroom. This will guide organization, how to bring women into company boardroom and the women will get opportunity to participation in board room. Main body Affirmative action by company to bring more women into boardroom RecommendationRead MoreEssay on Understanding Research Methods1574 Words   |  7 Pageshave been asked to carry out a reading to identify and discuss different research methods in two different research studies and provide a critical and literary review of the same articles. The first text is called â€Å"Women in the Boardroom: Symbols and Substance?† .This paper proposes if women and minorities add a valuable new perspective that results in an enhanced corporate performance. The second is called â€Å"Knife crime statistics†. This paper summarises the available statistics that relate to knifeRead MoreCritical Thinking On Business Writing1262 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction and Purpose: Women on board are bringing in diversity and intellect to the organization. The main idea of the article is to show how diversity in teams led to higher profitability and greater client satisfaction. The essence and central theme of this article is that increased number of women in an organization has increased its collective intelligence. There has been a strong correlation between the number of women on board and in the company’s ROI and ROE. Strengths : †¢ Women bring in enhancedRead MoreAudit Committee Member Hypothesis751 Words   |  4 PagesEurope (EY 2012). In 2012, UK Corporate Governance Code has been revised to strengthen the provisions on gender diversity on the board. The perceived benefits of gender diversity is further emphasised when a minimum target of 25% female representation have been set to be achieved by the FTSE-100 boards by 2015 (2010: 12.5%) (Lord Davies 2011). Prior psychology research have shown that women are generally more risk-averse and would prefer a more democratic and trust-building approach in making decisionRead MoreBoard Diversity As An Effective Corporate Governance1551 Words   |  7 PagesBoard Diversity as an Effective Corporate Governance Tool in a Developing Economy: Challenges and Prospects. NAME: BASSEY EDIDIONG OFFIONG The thesis will examine the effect of board diversity as a critical factor for ensuring effective corporate governance among public companies across the globe. The motivation for the research came on the backdrop of the approval of the European Commission proposal by the European Parliament to improve the gender balance in company boards last year which callsRead MoreBoard Dynamics and the Inï ¬â€šuence of Professional Background, Gender and Ethnic Diversity of Directors11390 Words   |  46 Pages218 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Board Dynamics and the Inï ¬â€šuence of Professional Background, Gender and Ethnic Diversity of Directors* Nicholas van der Walt** and Coral Ingley Exploring the appointment of directors of different professional backgrounds, levels of independence, age, gender and ethnicity, this paper develops a taxonomy describing what is meant by diversity on the board and its implications for decision-making. Board conï ¬ guration is considered in terms of empirical evidence highlightingRead MoreThe Value of Diversity in the Workplace Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagescustomers for which they serve while determining the needs of these customers. This business process makes diversity a crucial part of a companys growth and operation. Hiring and retaining employees with diverse backgrounds to meet the demands of the global marketplace is the first step to meeting these challenges. Companies like EBS PaineWebber (Grano, 1999) have committed themselves to diversity so that they can establish themselves as a diverse organization ready to meet the needs of a diverse groupRead MoreThe Background And Organizational Framework Of Berkshire Hathaway1850 Words   |  8 Pages ORGANIZATIONAL DIVERSITY OR LACK THEREOF Berhshire-Hathaway is owned by one of the richest men in America. Berkshire-Hathaway is a holding company that owns many different companies. According to Reuter (2015), Berkshire Hathaway is made up of companies that if they were independent, nine of them would be among the Fortune 500. So, it is hard to believe that this company is the worst company on diversity efforts as of 2013! This paper will describe and examine the following: the background andRead MoreDiversity In The Workplace. . Diversity In The Workplace990 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity in the Workplace Diversity in the workplace is imperative even though some commentators argue that too much diversity can be negative. Diversity can lead to staff feeling ‘threatened or even annoyed by persons with views and backgrounds different from their own’ (Barsoux, Strebel and Manzoni, 2010). Instead of inclusivity, diversity can end up causing conflicts, as some staff are reluctant in changing their viewpoints and are less adaptable to change. The discourse relating to diversityRead MoreThe Executive Officer, Ceo949 Words   |  4 Pagesthe CEOs share in common. White males make up a large majority of the CEO population resulting in at 94% white and 92% male. There is a significant lack of diversity with 4% being black and 8% being women. The median age is 57 years old with the lowest age being in the low forties. CEOs that were born between 1946 and 1964 dominate the boardrooms of Fortune 100 companies. Warren Buffett, CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, at 83, narrowly beats out Rupert Murdoch, CEO of News Corp, as the senior statesman of

Karl Marx Alienation Theory Essay - 1536 Words

Since the late nineteenth century, industrialization has played an important role in supporting the economy of numerous countries. Industrial factories are essential to our societies and ways of life due to its ability to create various goods and services needed for sustaining our ever-growing wants and necessities. In a capitalist society, there are clear winners and losers, but not all societies follow this economic system. In some cultures, communism otherwise known as socialist party reign dominance and controls how production works and what is produced. Some political philosophers such as Karl Marx believed that a communist or socialist system can possibly fix some of the problems that capitalism causes. Specifically, fix issues with†¦show more content†¦For example, an employee is told by their employer that they must work an extended shift than usual to make boats. If the employee refuses to stay longer to make boats, they may be fired from their jobs. In addition to working tirelessly to make boats, the employees are not given an opportunity to use the boat on the water to enjoy time with their family or to spend time fishing independently. The employees obtain little fulfillment about the items they produce partially from the scarce time employees have to interact their created items. Over time, this leads a disgust of the items and a single perception of their jobs as only work without a chance of finding happiness for their hard work. Eventually, employees reach a point of disgust for their jobs and become alienated from what they produce. Once alienated, employees start to look forward to the weekend for tranquility from their monetary job. Marx believes alienation is inevitable in places such as manufactories or warehouses where mass productions of products are constructed and shipped to several cities. One part of Marx’s reasoning comes from his understanding of working conditions in factories, the other takes in account emotions o f both the superior and subordinate groups found in all social classes. Alienation occurs in the workplace due to superiors enforce subordinates to produce products on a large scale for society. For instance, employees are told by their superiors toShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx s Theory Of Alienation Essay1686 Words   |  7 PagesSociologist Karl Marx concentrated deeply on economic problems and related these matters to social issues. For example, when Marx examined capitalism in the labour sector he came to the conclusion that it drove workers to feel alienated from the product, themselves and those surrounding them. This essay will firstly give a brief overview of industrial capitalism and discuss Karl Marx’s early life and how he came up with the theory of alienation through his influences and life experiences. SecondlyRead MoreKarl Marx And Alienation ( 2000 )1034 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Alienation (1,800 – 2,000 words) Introduction about Marx (1818 – 1883): mention the materials that are going to be used to back up your points (minimum of 5 scholarly materials) Karl Marx (1818 – 1883) was a German theorist who had taken the theory of alienation into consideration. He was also involved in communist party in Germany, trying to overthrow the class system. Marx had been banished from Germany for his critical thinking, and moved to England where he had become a communistRead MoreKarl Marx : The Capitalist Mode Of Production Essay1365 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx is known as one of the worlds greatest philosophers. He’s also a very well touted sociologist. Marks wanted to understand the functioning of the capitalist mode of production. Marks used eight terms to help understand his theory which are, Base-Superstructure, Surplus Value, Class, Contradiction, Alienation, Reification, Mystification, and Ideology. In this essay I will explain what is meant by each term, secondly I will answer the question of: how is the terms related to other dimensionsRead MoreKarl Marx And Max Weber1324 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx and Max Weber w ere influential sociologists that paved the way for modern sociological school of thought. Both, Karl Marx and Max Weber contributed a lot to the study and foundation of sociology. Without their contributions sociology would not be as prominent as it is today. From the contribution of how sociology should be studied, to how they applied their theories to everyday life has influenced many sociologists. Predominantly, both of these theorists’ discussed the effects of capitalismRead MoreCompare and Contrast Marx’s Idea of Class and Durkheim’s Division of Labour?1641 Words   |  7 Pagesdivision of labour? The essay will begin by providing a brief introduction into the two perspectives of Functionalism and Marxism, focusing on the theories of the French Sociologist Emile Durkheim and the German philosopher Karl Marx. Then it will give a brief discussion showing the transformation that took place from feudalism to capitalism, providing the reader with an insight into the dramatic change that took place during a time of revolution and revolt. Finally the essay will compare and contrastRead MoreAdolf Marx : A Central Concern For The Young Karl Marx Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Alienation‟ was a central concern for the young Karl Marx. Discuss the dimensions of this alienation in connection to Marx’s critique of capitalist society and comment on the contemporary relevance of this concept. Karl Marx is a critically renowned, prolific and revolutionary figure amongst historic academia and is considered to be one of the three founding fathers of Sociology. Working throughout the 19th century Marx’s work included the theory of ‘alienation’. Born in Germany, young Marx wasRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution1214 Words   |  5 Pagessystem. The process of industrialisation largely affected the division of labour due to the increase in the mode of production. During this period, society transitioned from feudalism to capitalism due to the increasing progress of technology. â€Å"For Marx the industrial revolution marked the transition between two essentially different periods of capitalist development, the first being characterised by the dominance of manufacture and the second by the dominance of ‘modern industry’† (McQuaire, 1978Read MoreThe Three Types Of Theorizing1473 Words   |  6 PagesJessica Stuter September 18th, 2015 Midterm Comprehensive Essay- SOCI 410 1. According to Seidman, the three types of theorizing are scientific, philosophic, and moral. Scientific theorizing, also called the positivistic tradition as this refers to the use of the scientific method in order to study society, is used to describe social phenomena and behavior. Theories that fall under this umbrella can be tested by using the scientific method, they include hypothesis and can be tested. PhilosophicRead MoreKarl Marx and Estranged Labor Essay541 Words   |  3 PagesKarl Marx and Estranged Labor Marx on page 327 of his essay estranged labor is describing what to him were the fundamental conditions of labor under capitalism and why he found them detrimental to man. It is an essay about how people experience work. Marx criticizes capitalism by analyzing his theory of alienation.The theme for this essay was how workers in capitalism are alienated from their work .It covers 4 forms of alienation in capitalist society. Alienation is the transfer of propertyRead MoreCore Vs. Sociological Theory918 Words   |  4 PagesMidterm Essay: Core Figures in Sociological Theory What is the meaning of life? Ah, a question that has pondered the mind of an individual for eons and eons. In a feudal society, it was common to turn to faith and religion to answer such question. Eventually, man became hungry for evidence and truth, thus the Enlightenment was born. The Enlightenment was a period of remarkable intellectual development that occurred in Europe during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The Enlightenment

Sales Department Issues Free Essays

Business Practice Management Counselor 65 Black Street London 5560 29th November 2011, Business Equipment and Systems Managing Director 7560 Louis Park Ave S Birmingham 3658 Object: Suggestions about the Sales Department M. BESOR, As you asked me to, I have conducted a survey to your employees. So are the observations I have made: As you may have noticed, these last eighteen months have been poor in sales: your company has lost 10% of its turnover because of the Sales Department. We will write a custom essay sample on Sales Department Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now As you already know, this department changed its sales manager which strongly affected the work of the team. Before that change, the last manager knew how to motivate her team: we need to motivate it again. In order to do so, you should follow some advices that made their proofs. First of all, you could re-organize the team: to see with all members of the sales team what are their expectations. I heard that some of them would like to leave the team: it may be a way to have new blood and new ideas in the team. Some of the employees would like to move to another product line: let them make a try of a few months, if their quota doesn’t improve then you may be able to send them back to their last job. Before making any move, you should send them to a training to motivate them. In that way they will see they are important to the company: you spend money on their training in order to have a better qualified team. Second of all, you need to have a cohesive team. It exists some way to have one: you should organize a seminar that involves every one. You should choose a theme for the seminar like the Olympics Games: a way to represent the international strategy of the company. You could extend the seminar to other departments of the company and let them compete against each other: Like this the sales team could act like a united team. Another way to improve the moral of the team would be to get free coffee. Coffee is really important in the work world, letting them have free coffee would bring a better environment: they may work harder. Obviously, any abuse should not be accepted. Always in order to change the work environment into a better place, you should bring people together based on their product sales. Not having a complete open-space for the sales team but only for those who work on selling the same product. Otherwise, in order to have a united team, you should propose a new calculation mode based on the product team. It means that as you have 3 different teams, they should have some kind of competition between each other: if a team has the best progression of the month then the people of the team will obtain 2% more on its individual commission. Finally, it exists a complementary way to motivate your team: to offer them a ‘thank you’ gift when they are making a good job, individually or in group. That gift may be proposed under the form of a smartbox worth 60â‚ ¬. If you need any other information, do not hesitate to contact me. I really hope these few advices will help you to get better results in terms of benefits, environment and work. Looking forward to hearing from you, Yours sincerely, A. R. How to cite Sales Department Issues, Papers

Implementation of Plain Packaging †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Implementation of Plain Packaging. Answer: Introduction Health warnings are mandatory in all the tobacco related products for retailing in Australia. The graphic warnings for health delivers a confronting and strong message to all the smokers regarding the harmful consequences of health that are caused due to the tobacco products and transmit the message for quitting whenever a person reaches to cigarette. The warning statements along with the graphics and the explanatory messages are proposed to increase the knowledge level of the people regarding the harmful impacts of cigarettes and to influence them to quit smoking (Newman-Norlund et al. 2014). The health department has some responsibility policies towards the health warnings and the Competition and Consumer (Tobacco) Information Standards 2011 is enforced by the Australian competition and consumer commission (Scollo et al. 2015). On 1st January 2012, the standards of the act has been expanded and updated and it has been made mandatory to include the following warnings related to the health from 1st December 2012: Five warnings for the cigars that includes explanatory messages, warning statements and graphics Increase in size of the graphics for the health warnings that must cover at least 75% of front surface for the packaging of tobacco products. 14 health warnings for most of the tobacco smoked products that include explanatory messages, warning statements and graphics (Wakefield et al. 2015). Maintaining 90% of the size of the back surface of the package that requires and to increase the size regarding covering of 75% of the back surface of most of the products. Cigars that are sold singly must include the health warning. 13 messages must be included regarding the health impacts of the chemicals that are included in the tobacco products in the cigarette packets and the cartons on the loose packs of tobacco. A rotational system must be there that will optimise the awareness and learning of the customers regarding the heath impacts of the smoking. There shall also include the 2 sets for the 7 health warnings that shall be changed in every 12 months. Since 1973, health warnings are continued to be appeared in the packaging of the tobacco products in Australia. However, during 1973 to 1994, it was required to put the health warnings through the separate legislation in each territory and state. The very 1st warning was like Warning Smoking is a health hazard and thereafter it expanded to 4 rotating warnings during 1985 that covered 15% of the front side of all the tobacco related packages (White, Williams and Wakefield 2015). Major stakeholders in the debate regarding the health warnings on cigarette packs The shareholders of the debate related to the health warnings of the cigarettes are in the view that the product like cigarette is different from the other regular products of the industry. The major shareholders of the debate are the doctors, advocates of public health and journalists who are always focussed on the question that whether cigarette caused the life taking disease like lung cancer. It is established that the product like cigarette itself is harmful enough to draw the action of the government (Hiilamo, Crosbie and Glantz 2014). Ethics associated with the advertising of tobacco products involves the concerns regarding the ethical questions for the advertising. Advertising is known as the attempt made by the owners of the services and goods to influence the potential and current customers to buy their products. Therefore, the intention of the advertisers or the owners of the product is to represent their product in such a way that will maximise the desirability of their product in the mind of the potential buyers. Some customers are in the view that the advertisement on the pack of the cigarettes is moral as it assists in taking rational decisions and making rational choices (Mays et al. 2014). However, the advertisements that are persuasive in nature are argued as unethical as it has an impact on the independent decisions of the consumers and the advertisements convince them to purchase the products. The major ethical issues associated with this are as follows: Information in the advertisements one of the major arguments that are in favour of the advertising is that the advertising offers the customers with crucial information related to the services and products that are offered for sale. The economists are in the view that economic transactions are associated with optimum information when all parties to the transaction have optimum information. The information here means the information related to the price, usage and the availability of the product in the market. As there is some time limit for the advertisements in the media, the content of the advertisement may not cover all the required information regarding the product like its usages, its origin, its qualities, its prices and the all the impacts of that may arise due to the usage of the product (Maynard et al. 2016). Therefore, the advertisers have the option of selecting the information that they want to show and the information they do not want to show. It is quite obvious that t he advertisers will show that things only which will persuade the potential customers to have desires for the product and for sure will not reveal the ill effect of the product. The major ethical question that arises here that in selection of the information that will be given through the advertisement has any intention of dishonesty to cheat the customers is involved or not. Another question is that whether the advertiser intentionally does not give full information to mislead the consumers or not. If the answers of these questions are in affirmative, then the standards of the advertisements for deception of the consumers will regard all the advertisements as unethical and does not offer clear idea regarding the advertisements of tobacco products that is exceptional in nature and demands for special treatment (Shankleman et al. 2015). Lies behind the tobacco advertisements - in any field, lying is considered is unethical. A lie is defined as a statement that is made by a person who knows it to be false. Three major elements are there when it is associated with the tobacco products. Those are: Determination of the intention with which the tobacco advertisements are suggested to their audience Tobacco advertisers are well known of the fact that the propositions are false Conception of the consumer who believes the false claims made in the advertisements of tobacco products and treats it as true (White, Williams and Wakefield 2015). Most of the advertisements for the tobacco products include very less verbal or written propositions regarding the tobacco products that can easily be treated as false or true, depending upon the mindset of the potential consumers. Therefore, the aspects of true or false vary with the person to person. It is baseless to argue upon the content of true or false as one statement which is true to someone may seem to be false to someone else. While the advertisements of tobacco products are communicated to large group of people and the number of smokers all over the world is quite high, it is a difficult task to establish the advertisements as false communication (Zacher et al. 2014). Cheating through omission another way of establishing the advertising of tobacco products as misleading is to check whether omission of one particular information leads to the consumers being misguided. The major issue here is that whether there should be any particular format of advertising or the particular information that must be included in the advertising to protect the consumers from being misguided. With the advertisements of tobacco products, it is argued by many people that the risks arising from the tobacco products are very high and therefore, the advertisements must include at least the detailed warnings related to health to maximise the resonance and comprehensibility (Andrews et al. 2016). The decision under the place of Randall Hedges If I were in the position of Randall Hedges, the public relation manager of Big Business Tobacco (BBT), I would have definitely opt for the inclusion of health warnings in the cigarette pack that is mandatory under the Australian law. Though the bottom line of every business is to earn profit, however, as the tobacco products are exceptional is its involves some ethical issues regarding the health hazards, the consumers must be informed about the ill effect of the tobacco products (Scollo et al. 2015). It is not mandatory in various Asian countries to include the health warning in the pack of the cigarettes, but if the ethical sides taken into consideration then the warnings must be included to make the consumers well informed about the product that they are consuming. Moreover, in the long-run the company will achieve a better position towards the corporate social responsibility through showing-up the concerns for the people (Durkin et al. 2015). Conclusions It is concluded from the above discussion that though there are lot of arguments regarding the advertisements of tobacco products and the ethical way to advertise the product, it is established that the pictorial warnings increases the awareness of the people and recall the health impacts from the usages of tobacco products. Prominent warnings increase the cessation of the services. A widespread strategy that includes awareness and education must be adopted to increase the level of awareness. The bigger graphics that are based on the pictorial warnings are influential to enforce and that have the biggest impact on the consumption of tobacco. Such pictorial inclusion may lead to loss for the tobacco companies but it carries a positive attitude for a better future for the people who consume the tobacco products. Total value of the below mentioned items as per the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 30th June 2016 Cash (and cash equivalents) - $ 51,884,000 Inventories - $546,437,000 Sales revenue - $ 39,54,467,000 Other income - $546,000 Plant and equipment - $183,570,000 Interest expenses - $38,57,000 Sales and marketing expenses - $ 404,575,000 Occupancy expenses - $ 173,792,000 Trade and other payables $ 384,928,000 Borrowings (non-current) - $ 109,736,000 (Jbhifi.com.au, 2017). Normal balance for each of the account Items Normal balance Effect of decrease Cash (and cash equivalents) Debit Asset side of balance sheet Inventories Debit Asset side of balance sheet Sales revenue Credit Revenue side of income statement Other income Credit Revenue side of income statement Plant and equipment Debit Asset side of balance sheet Interest expenses Debit Expenses side of income statement Sales and marketing expenses Debit Expenses side of income statement Occupancy expenses Debit Expenses side of income statement Trade and other payables Credit Liability side of balance sheet Borrowings (non-current) Credit Liability side of balance sheet Other accounts that are most likely to be affected - Cash (and cash equivalents) with increase of cash, the cash receivable account is reduced Inventories - Increase of inventory reduces that cash balance Sales revenue increase in sales revenue will increase the organizations shareholders equity like retained earnings and the assets like account receivables or cash Other income - increase in other income will increase the organizations shareholders equity like retained earnings and the assets like account receivables or cash Plant and equipment increase in plant and equipment will probably reduce the cash or increase the accounts payable along with the increase in depreciation expenses. Interest expenses increase in interest expenses will reduce the organizations shareholders equity like retained earnings and the assets like account cash and will increase the liabilities like borrowings Sales and marketing expenses - increase in sales and marketing expenses will reduce the organizations shareholders equity like retained earnings and the assets like cash Occupancy expenses - increase in occupancy expenses will reduce the organizations shareholders equity like retained earnings and the assets like cash Trade and other payables increase in trade and other payables will increase the purchase account Borrowings (non-current) with increase in borrowing the liability of the organization as well as the interest expenses go up. Reference Andrews, J.C., Netemeyer, R.G., Burton, S. and Kees, J., 2016. Effects of plain package branding and graphic health warnings on adolescent smokers in the USA, Spain and France.Tobacco control,25(e2), pp.e120-e126. Durkin, S., Brennan, E., Coomber, K., Zacher, M., Scollo, M. and Wakefield, M., 2015. Short-term changes in quitting-related cognitions and behaviours after the implementation of plain packaging with larger health warnings: findings from a national cohort study with Australian adult smokers.Tobacco control,24(Suppl 2), pp.ii26-ii32. Hiilamo, H., Crosbie, E. and Glantz, S.A., 2014. The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents, and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion.Tobacco control,23(1), pp.e2-e2. Jbhifi.com.au. (2017). JB Hi-Fi | Australias Largest Home Entertainment Retailer. [online] Available at: https://www.jbhifi.com.au/ [Accessed 15 May 2017]. Maynard, O.M., Brooks, J.C., Munaf, M.R. and Leonards, U., 2016. Neural mechanisms underlying visual attention to health warnings on branded and plain cigarette packs.Addiction. Mays, D., Niaura, R.S., Evans, W.D., Hammond, D., Luta, G. and Tercyak, K.P., 2014. Cigarette packaging and health warnings: the impact of plain packaging and message framing on young smokers.Tobacco control, pp.tobaccocontrol-2013. Newman-Norlund, R.D., Thrasher, J.F., Fridriksson, J., Brixius, W., Froeliger, B., Hammond, D. and Cummings, M.K., 2014. Neural biomarkers for assessing different types of imagery in pictorial health warning labels for cigarette packaging: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open,4(12), p.e006411. Scollo, M., Lindorff, K., Coomber, K., Bayly, M. and Wakefield, M., 2015. Standardised packaging and new enlarged graphic health warnings for tobacco products in Australialegislative requirements and implementation of the Tobacco Plain Packaging Act 2011 and the Competition and Consumer (Tobacco) Information Standard, 2011.Tobacco control,24(Suppl 2), pp.ii9-ii16. Scollo, M., Occleston, J., Bayly, M., Lindorff, K. and Wakefield, M., 2015. Tobacco product developments coinciding with the implementation of plain packaging in Australia.Tobacco control,24(e1), pp.e116-e122. Shankleman, M., Sykes, C., Mandeville, K.L., Di Costa, S. and Yarrow, K., 2015. Standardised (plain) cigarette packaging increases attention to both text-based and graphical health warnings: experimental evidence.Public health,129(1), pp.37-42. Wakefield, M., Coomber, K., Zacher, M., Durkin, S., Brennan, E. and Scollo, M., 2015. Australian adult smokers responses to plain packaging with larger graphic health warnings 1 year after implementation: results from a national cross-sectional tracking survey.Tobacco control,24(Suppl 2), pp.ii17-ii25. White, V., Williams, T. and Wakefield, M., 2015. Has the introduction of plain packaging with larger graphic health warnings changed adolescents perceptions of cigarette packs and brands?.Tobacco control,24(Suppl 2), pp.ii42-ii49. White, V., Williams, T. and Wakefield, M., 2015. Has the introduction of plain packaging with larger graphic health warnings changed adolescents perceptions of cigarette packs and brands?.Tobacco control,24(Suppl 2), pp.ii42-ii49. Zacher, M., Bayly, M., Brennan, E., Dono, J., Miller, C., Durkin, S., Scollo, M. and Wakefield, M., 2014. Personal tobacco pack display before and after the introduction of plain packaging with larger pictorial health warnings in Australia: an observational study of outdoor caf strips.Addiction,109(4), pp.653-662.